Critics of the theory say that it is based on highly speculative amateur research and lacks any substantial basis, while believers continue to focus on the historical linguistics of certain place names and scriptural interpretations of historical text. They point to the fact that no identification was found on the body, and that the recorded height of the man was not consistent with Lazcanos size. By the same token, the purpose of Wikipedia is not to offer originally synthesized prose "debunking" notable ideas which the scientific community may consider to be absurd or unworthy. The Franklin Prophecy is the fringe belief that Benjamin Franklin made anti-Jewish comments during a speech at the Constitutional Convention of 1787. While undoubtedly outlandish, this was by no means the only crazy evolutionary theory about our ancestors. The more appropriate . Psychological Theories: Definition, Types, and Examples - Verywell Mind There is now scientific proof for the existence of a giant primate species in North Americaa species fitting the descriptions of sasquatches (bigfoots).". One man, Philip Sadtler, has claimed to have found evidence for high levels of fluoride in Donora. The shooting has outraged many people, and the FBI has blocked all attempts to view autopsy reports because the case is still under investigation. The best sources to use when describing fringe theories, and in determining their notability and prominence, are independent reliable sources. Sufficiently notable for dedicated articles: Not sufficiently notable for dedicated articles: Just because an idea is not accepted by most experts does not mean it should be removed from Wikipedia. A superseded, or obsolete, scientific theory is a scientific theory that was once commonly accepted but (for whatever reason) is no longer considered the most complete description of reality by mainstream science; or a falsifiable theory which has been shown to be false. Independent sources are also necessary to determine the relationship of a fringe theory to mainstream scholarly discourse. The fringe theory developed in England during the 17th century and eventually spread to the United States. They possessed excellent sailing skills and built bigger ships than the ones used by Columbus. After the story made headlines, the girl said that she wasnt surprised by the connection because the people seemed to have a common trait of wanting power. The fringe theory says that the meltdown is the largest nuclear disaster in history and dwarfs the Chernobyl accident. Alphabetic list of Theories - Changing minds It was initially reported that Todashev was killed while alone with the FBI agent. If the status of a given idea changes, then Wikipedia changes to reflect that change. Wikipedia is not a forum for presenting new ideas, for countering any systemic bias in institutions such as academia, or for otherwise promoting ideas which have failed to merit attention elsewhere. To solve the problem, the Japanese government has decided to build a mile-long impenetrable frozen wall beneath the plant, to prevent groundwater from mixing with contaminated water. The Toledot has been supported by the anecdotes of the Midrash and Talmud, which have attempted to debunk two primary Christian doctrines, the virgin birth and the ascension of Jesus. The threshold for whether a topic should be included in Wikipedia as an article is generally covered by notability guidelines. Such examples of this are the existence of Troy,[5][6] the Norse colonization of the Americas, and the Big Bang Theory.[7]. In 1614, the book was reprinted by Jewish apostate Samuel Friedrich Brenz and presented as fact. Likewise, views of adherents should not be excluded from an article on creation science solely on the basis that their work lacks peer review. In the book Burkes Presidential Families of the United States of America, he suggested that George W. Bush is the 13th cousin to the current Queen Elizabeth. The aquatic ape theory states that our ancestors lived a semi-aquatic existence, inhabiting the edges of large bodies of water. To back up this claim, proponents state that the narrative of ancient Japanese history essentially mirrors the Jewish one. In 2010, a story surfaced that a seventh-grade student in Watsonville, California had discovered that every US president except Martin Van Buren is descended from King John of England. These abilities supposedly then deteriorated over thousands of years. In Wikipedia parlance, the term fringe theory is used in a very broad sense to describe an idea that departs significantly from the prevailing views or mainstream views in its particular field. Fringe theories that oppose reliably sourced researchdenialist histories, for exampleshould be described clearly within their own articles, but should not be given undue weight in more general discussions of the topic. Wikipedia is not a place to right great wrongs. Further elaborating the continuous magnetization model of uniaxial permanent magnets and magnetic actuation principles at the high fields (28-31), in this study, we present a canvas of UHF magnetic guidewire steering strategies in the MRI scanner ().By challenging the common assumption that the magnetic objects are fully aligned with the ultrahigh MRI main field (8, 27), we observed that the . (See also Links normally to be avoided, Conflict of interest, Autobiography guidelines.) They also point out similarities between the customs and ceremonies of the Jewish and Shinto religions. Care should be taken with journals that exist mainly to promote a particular viewpoint. Collectively their conclusions are ground-breaking. During the Middle Ages, invading armies would fling plague-ridden corpses over castle walls. 30 Eerily Beautiful Photos Of Abandoned Iceland, What Stephen Hawking Thinks Threatens Humankind The Most, 27 Raw Images Of When Punk Ruled New York, Join The All That's Interesting Weekly Dispatch. The pop science audience is in millions and you can't assume they all have similar opinions. In 2011, Lazcano helped organize the second massacre of San Fernando, in which Los Zetas killed 193 people. Hardouin believed the group had created the Greek versions solely to corrupt the peoplea plan foiled only by the timely distribution of the Latin version. The girl discovered the connection after exploring a genealogy database created by her grandfather. Economics . In other cases, an alternative theoretical formulation lacks significant evidence to show its validity, but when such evidence is produced, the theory can become mainstream. Some scholars have suggested the book was put together no earlier than the sixth century, while the earliest mention of the book is thought to have come from the year 826. Brooks-Baker also claimed that Queen Elizabeth is related to the Prophet Mohammed. "[31], The media also play a role in propagating the belief that certain fields of science are controversial. The secrecy of the shooting has spawned a series of conspiracy theories that say Todashev was assassinated by the FBI in order to keep him quiet about the Boston Marathon bombings. In his work, Brooks-Baker suggested that every US presidential election has been won by the candidate with the most royal blood. Finally, even though the Gospel of John states that a Roman soldier speared Jesuss side, it is the only gospel to mention it; the three other gospels that preceded it never bring up the incident. Inclusion and exclusion of content related to fringe theories and criticism of fringe theories may be done by means of a rough parity of sources. If psychedelic plants have the ability to induce a veritable religious experience, then surely they could also have been instrumental in fast-forwarding our ancestors evolution? It is home to the Donora Zinc Works and American Steel & Wire factories. According to a theory first formed by archaeologist Brian Hayden in the 1950s, our early ancestors began brewing and drinking beer as a way of forming relationships within their ever-expanding communities. For example, since the universal scientific view is that perpetual motion is impossible, any purported perpetual motion mechanism (e.g. In 1937, Jewish scholar Hugh J. Schonfield published a book that suggested the Toledot was older than originally thought and may be the Gospel of the Hebrews. The document has fallen out of popularity but remains a point of controversy in the Christian faith. Official history teaches us that during World War II, Nazi Germany acted as the aggressor against its erstwhile ally, the Soviet Union. Beer. Donora is a small town located on the Monongahela River, 39 kilometers (24 mi) southeast of Pittsburgh. Examining science on the fringes: vital, but generally wrong Fringe science topics Mind Control Pyrokinesis Teleportation Psychokinesis Nanotechnology Artificial Intelligence Precognition Dark Matter Suspend Animation Cybernetics Transmogrification Hypnosis ESP Neuroscience Clairaudience Hive Mind Parallel Universes Cryonics Astral Projection Protoscience Mutation Genetic Engineering Transhumanism Remember the Latin Bible? Whereas Illigs hypothesis drops approximately 300 years off the calendar, Fomenko asserts that 1,100 years of history have been a total sham, thanks to the machinations of churchmen in the 15th and 16th centuries. In effect, Fomenkos theory also extended to other timelines, as evidenced by his portrayal of King Arthur as a Russian prince who once reigned over Britain. She is saying due to string theory people lost faith in all sciences. The farcical nature (torture, wild testimonies, and so on) through which medieval trials were conducted also gave credence to this notion. Lazcano is suspected of killing hundreds of people and used torture to spread fear over the populace. After his execution, his main detractorsthe Bishop of Nantes and the Duke of Brittanyseized his assets and divided them among themselves. The strongest argument is that the records of Muhammads exploits, the Quran, and Islam only became known to the rest of the world long after the birth of the religion. It has expanded to suggest that human exposure to bacteria is important for immune system development. Other considerations for notability should be considered as well. The theory is often referred to as the Franklin Forgery, but has found acceptance in the Arab and Palestinian media. [1] Fringe science theories are often advanced by persons who have no traditional academic science background, or by researchers outside the mainstream discipline. In the wake of the crisis, a large number of people in Donora got cancer. Fringe theories include the models and proposals of fringe science as well as similar ideas in other areas of scholarship, such as the humanities.The term is commonly used in a narrower sense as a pejorative roughly synonymous with pseudo-scholarship.Precise definitions that distinguish between widely held viewpoints . Acceptance of new science can come slowly. The mortality rate remained significantly higher than average for many years. inquiry in an established field of study which departs significantly from mainstream theories in that field and is considered to be questionable by the mainstream. [2]:183 Pseudoscience, however, is something that is not scientific but is incorrectly characterised as science. In other words, its the attempt to create human-robot hybrids which, as we know from EVERY MOVIE EVER MADE ON THE SUBJECT, never ends well. In the documentary, presidential candidate George H.W. He has been a guest speaker on numerous national radio and television stations and is a five time published author. 10 Controversial Fringe Theories - Listverse Bush can be seen having a private conversation with Larry King about the drug Halcion (about 6:20 in the above video). Because Wikipedia aims to summarize significant opinions with representation in proportion to their prominence, a Wikipedia article should not make a fringe theory appear more notable or more widely accepted than it is. We use the term fringe theory in a very broad sense to describe an idea that departs significantly from the prevailing views or mainstream views in its particular field. Fringe science is any field of scientific inquiry which represents a significant departure from orthodox theories or bodies of work. Believers adhere to the view that, after the disintegration of ancient Israel, some survivors traveled east and eventually settled in present-day areas of the Middle East, Central Europe, and South and Southeast Asia. One of the most infamous Mexican drug lords in history, Lazcano was known for his extreme violence, and built an empire of 10,000 gunmen that spread from the Rio Grande into Central America. However, a lack of consideration or acceptance does not necessarily imply rejection, either; ideas should not be portrayed as rejected or carry negative labels such as pseudoscience unless such claims can be documented in reliable sources. While a lack of peer-reviewed sources does not automatically mean that the subject should be excluded from Wikipedia, there must be adequate reliable sources to allow the subject to be covered in sufficient detail without engaging in original research. Including such a controversial quote needs to be carefully contextualized as a particular point of view. Heriberto Lazcano Lazcano was the leader of the Los Zetas drug cartel until his death in a shootout with police on October 7, 2012. Wikipedia:Fringe theories - Wikipedia Perspectives which advocate non-scientific or pseudoscientific religious claims intended to directly confront scientific discoveries should be evaluated on both a scientific and a theological basis, with acknowledgment of how the most reliable sources consider the subjects. Purpose - The purpose of this research is to examine the undergraduate thesis methodology, programming languages, and databases utilized to create thesis projects. Pseudoscience generally proposes changes in the basic laws of nature to allow some phenomenon which the supporters want to believe occurs, but lack the strong scientific evidence or rigour that would justify such major changes. Jamie founded Listverse due to an insatiable desire to share fascinating, obscure, and bizarre facts. The book was first translated into Latin by a Dominican friar named Ramon Marti in the 1200s. This one is pretty self-explanatory. He was scheduled to travel to Russia two days after his death. : Fringe science. Alternative theoretical formulations from within the scientific community are not pseudoscience, but part of the scientific process. The lines between science-fiction and reality blur as J.J. Abrams, Roberto Orci, and Alex Kurtzman--the team behind STAR TREK and ALIAS--regroup to craft this mind-bending series that begins as an international flight . Additionally, the topic must satisfy general notability guidelines: the topic must receive significant coverage in reliable sources that are independent of the subject. Ideas that are of borderline or minimal notability may be mentioned in Wikipedia, but should not be given undue weight. Lazcano was a highly skilled military technician and received training in jungle and urban warfare. 10 Far-Out Theories About Beloved Sitcoms, Top 10 Far-Out Theories About Fan-Favorite Films, 10 Fantastically Elaborate Hoaxes Perpetrated Just, 10 Ways The Watergate Scandal Was Far Worse Than You Realize, Top 10 Ideas That Were Far Ahead Of Their Time, 10 Times When Reality TV Went Too Far - 2020, Top 10 Signs Trigger Warnings Have Gone Too Far, 10 Historical Shoe Rituals and Superstitions You Might Not Know About, 10 Unusual and Incredible Reinterpretations of Classic Artworks, 10 Ancient Fertility Treatments You Wouldnt Want to Use Today, 10 Inventive Ways People Survived Winter Before Electricity, 10 Bleak Facts about Victorian Workhouses, 10 Amazing Archeological Discoveries Made by Dogs, Top 10 Hoarders Who Were Killed By Their Own Hoard, 10 Shocking Cases Of People Who Attended Their Own Funeral, 10 People Who Claimed To Be Time Travelers, Top 10 Everyday Items Removed From The Human Anatomy, 10 Weapons That Backfired In Terrible Ways. In the Middle Ages, the Toledot Yeshu was apparently used by some Jewish communities in order to discredit Christianity. This label does not cover theories that . For a fringe view to be discussed in an article about a mainstream idea, independent reliable sources must discuss the relationship of the two as a serious and substantial matter. The Washington Post has also asked for answers about how Todashev died. After his death, the body of Jesus is stolen from his grave, but eventually recovered by the authorities. One of his favorite methods was named La Paleta (The Lollipop), in which a victim would be stripped naked and brutally beaten with a board. Articles have been published claiming that the radioactive plume from the original disaster will reach the West Coast of the United States and Canada in early 2014. It presumes that individual behavior represents conscious reasoned choice, and is shaped by cognitive thinking . He is presented as a person of wisdom, but disrespects his elders. About: Fringe theory - DBpedia However, meeting this standard indicates only that the idea may be discussed in other articles, not that it must be discussed in a specific article. In an article on a fringe topic, if a notable fringe theory is primarily described by amateurs and self-published texts, verifiable and reliable criticism of the fringe theory need not be published in a peer reviewed journal. [2]:161. In general, Wikipedia should always give prominence to established lines of research found in reliable sources and present neutral descriptions of other claims with respect to their historical, scientific, and cultural prominence. McKenna based this theory mainly on his own experienceduring his lifetime, he personally indulged in numerous psychedelic substances. Academic and peer-reviewed publications are usually the most reliable sources in areas where they are available, but material from reliable non-academic sources may also be used in these areas. Theory of Planned Behavior. He was an acquaintance of the Boston Marathon bomber Tamerlan Tsarnaev, and was killed while being questioned about the bombing and a triple homicide that occurred in Waltham, Massachusetts, on the evening of September 11, 2011. From that viewpoint, the discovery of beer was an evolutionary success. The governing policies regarding fringe theories are the three core content policies, Neutral point of view, No original research, and Verifiability. Here are the top ten fringe sciences and theories that could become mainstream in your lifetime: Cybernetics is the study and re-creation of control systems (the nervous system, the brain, and mechanical-electrical communication systems). Even to know what the majority thinks you need a LARGE SAMPLE SIZE to get an idea. The hygiene hypothesis is a theory that says children in developed countries may be more susceptible to allergic diseases because of a lack of exposure to certain infectious agents, which has caused a problem with the natural development of the immune systems. She also finds it fair that credentialed scientists do not bother spending a lot of time learning about and explaining problems with the fringe theories of uncredentialed scientists, since the authors of those theories have not taken the time to understand the mainstream theories they aim to disprove. Once the cameras are on, Bushs demeanor changes completely. As with the Sandy Hook Elementary shooting, 2012 Aurora murders, and the Boston Marathon bombing, details of the event have been confused by false or inaccurate media reports and rumors, which have unfortunately been vastly blown out of proportion with the speedy help of social media. 4.5: Examples of Social Science Theories Ideas that have been rejected, are widely considered to be absurd or pseudoscientific, only of historical interest, or primarily the realm of science fiction, should be documented as such, using reliable sources. This is the principle of one-way linking for fringe theories. Using a method he called empirico-statistical analysis, Fomenko arrived at the conclusion that ancient history was really just a distorted version of Medieval events. Supposedly, Franklin felt Jews wouldnt integrate into society and would undermine the Christian faith. Fittingly, another term for these schools of thought is fringe science one that Gordin prefers, after researching fringe theories since the late 1990s. "but restraint should be used with such qualifiers to avoid giving the appearance of an overly harsh or overly critical assessment. This discovery would supposedly grant its owner eternal life and youth, or the ability to turn almost any metal into gold. Fringe science has its basis in established science, but explores and studies areas at the very boundaries, and is often poorly funded and under-resourced. According to Fomenko, Jesus Christ Himself lived during this period, and it was His death that sparked the Crusades. Fringe views of those better known for other achievements or incidents should not be given undue prominence, especially when these views are incidental to their fame. The government officially reported that the smog was caused by a rare temperature inversion that caused sulfuric acid, nitrogen dioxide, fluorine, and other poisonous gases to build to dangerous levels. 30 Interesting Scientific Theories: Yes, that is correct, his name is Rich Walker. Here are the top ten fringe sciences and theories that could become mainstream in your lifetime: Fringe Sciences: Cybernetics Source: Alpha Coders Cybernetics is the study and re-creation of control systems (the nervous system, the brain, and mechanical-electrical communication systems).
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