BT A muster roll of 34 Creek Indians who arrived Jan. 27th, 1852. A Return of officers of the Third Regiment of Light Dragoons with the dates of their Monmouth Battle [37] "From George Washington to William Heath, 29 October 1781," Founders Online, National Archives, https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Washington/99-01-02-07314. Monmouth Rebellion Previous engagements: Defense of Canada, Lake Champlain, Northern New Jersey, Defense of Philadelphia, Philadelphia-Monmouth Field Officers Colonel Francis Johnston APPENDIX 1 5 for the period Nov. 1779 through Feb. 1780 with the notation, Discharged Jan[uary] 19, 1780. 30 WebNOTE: The following information was transcribed from the original Muster Roll held at the National Archives and Records Aministration, College Park, MD. John Ward Dean, A.M. (Boston: New England Historic and Genealogical Society, 1896), 474. It appears that Freeman, presumably because of his lengthy combat and campaign experience, is listed as "on command" with a Colonel Alexander Scammel, who led a New Hampshire regiment. "[23] This possibly means that Conant served on a mission outside of camp raids and skirmishes frequently took place as both the Continental and British forces tested each other's defenses. His family home being the Rolls Mansion built just outside of Monmouth at Section Two - Valley Forge Muster Roll Provisions, though never abundant in the early months of the encampment, were available. 6. Complete: 100 % Content Source The National Archives Publication Number M246 Record Group 93 Published on Fold3 04 Apr 2007 Last Updated 23 Jul 2007 Description NARA M246. On May 6, 1778, the army joyously celebrated Frances alliance with and formal recognition of the United States as a sovereign power. As for Mary, why was she bound out, and when did her service start? WebOn September 11, 1777, General George Washington was determined to prevent the British from capturing the American seat of government, Philadelphia. 1776, August, Battle of Long Island, also known as the Battle of Brooklyn, successful, 1776, November, Battle of Fort Washington, commanded by Lord Percy, successful, 1776, September, Battle of Harlem Heights, capture of Fort Lee, flank companies of 38th participate, 1777 New Jersey Campaign, as part of the Brunswick, New Jersey garrison, 1777, September, Battle of Brandywine located west of Philadelphia, successful, 1777, October, after the capture of Philadelphia by the British, the Battle of Germantown, located north of Philadelphia, successful, 1778, June, Battle of Monmouth in New Jersey, under the new commander, General Clinton, who had been given orders to retreat from Philadelphia to New York, flank companies of 38th participate, 1778, July, defence of Newport, Rhode Island, 1778, August, under General Pigot, the Battle of Rhode Island, also known as, the Battle of Quaker Hill, in which the Americans tried unsuccessfully to recapture the Island from the British, now known as Aquidneck Island, 1778, After September, regiment returned to New York, 1779 Clinton moved the main British effort to the South, 1780, June, Battle of Springfield, New Jersey, the last major engagement in the north, British under von Knyphausen attack George Washington's army, unsuccessful, 1781, September, participated in the raid on New London, Connecticut, commanded by Benedict Arnold who had switched sides, this expedition was to be its last of the war. Baltimore, Maryland: Lord Baltimore Press, Maryland Historical Society. One of the men, Jonathan Overton, served in the North Carolina Continentals and lived to be 101, dying in 1849. The sound that would have reached your ears on approaching the camp was not that of a forlorn howling wind, but rather that of hammers, axes, saws, and shovels at work. Benedict Arnold. [15] Freeman may have recalled Danforth easily as a familiar name to him in his younger days. "Forten" Conant first appears on a list of men mustered by Colonel James Barrett, muster master of Middlesex County, on May 16, 1777. Did he feel a sense of pride in the idea of independence? Even in Washingtons home ofVirginia, Blacksoldiers fought in Virginia units. Aged and infirm, he could no longer work and support himself. /Artifact <>BDC NARA M881, page 5, via Fold3.com. battle of monmouth muster rolls - iccleveland.org Wells was a surgeon in the Continental Army and after his service in the Revolution, he paid his enlistment bounty to his former master and lived the rest of his life as a free man in Lebanon, Connecticut. Inflation and depreciation meant that these bounty payments were not worth their face value by the time soldiers were paid. https://www.loc.gov/collections/george-washington-papers/articles-and-essays/timeline/the-american-revolution/. Thomas Gibson, a free man of color from Guilford County, enlisted for two years service in 1781 and defended his home county that March. Payment records indicate payment through September 1824, but they end with no explanation. [31] He served in Elnathan Haskell's company, William Shepard's regiment. [31] Muster/payrolls, and various papers (1763-1808) of the Revolutionary War, Vol. No Quarter Given Muster Rolls John Hannigan, "The Many Lives of Fortune Freeman," Rethinking the Age of Revolution, Blogs @ Brandeis, 10 December 2013, https://blogs.brandeis.edu/revolutions/2013/12/10/the-many-lives-of-fortune-freeman/. The most common killers were influenza, typhus, typhoid, and dysentery. With the return of the Continental army to the outskirts of New York City following the Battle of Monmouth Court House in June, muster rolls of the army were taken in White Plains, New York, in August 1778. The integrated army in the Revolutionwasthe last integrated American army until the Korean Warnearly175 years later in 1950. Whether there of his own volition or brought to the court by a city official, it remains unclear, but Freeman, "extremely poor"[1] and unable to work, swore to the court that he served as a soldier in the Revolution, and applied for a veteran's pension for some relief. Left Valley Forge with 306 assigned, 194 fit for duty. They were prepared by the commanding officer of each His name appears on a roll dated Sept. 8, 1778, for Col. Thomas Clarks com- His name also appears on a muster roll of Tatums company . What would a desperately poor man claim to guarantee financial relief? 3rd Maryland Regiment The new British commander, Lieutenant General Henry Clinton, received orders to EMC Perhaps in his old age, he believed he fought alongside those men, or maybe he embellished his service in the hopes of his pension application being accepted. Medieval and early modern soldiers Federal Identification Number (EIN): 54-1426643. The Catawba had taken part in an earlier raid against a British position with Sumter as well. Battle of Monmouth For Washington to split his army and keep half in New York and half on the march, he had to assemble units quickly that could march with speed. 68, Image 673, via FamilySearch.org. /TT0 1 Tf Under the command of General George Washington and many other generals, the integrated army that served in the Revolution was a unique fighting force that catalyzed the formation of the Republic. John Carr [25] "The American Revolution Timeline," George Washington Papers, Library of Congress. [3] Jack D. Warren Jr., America's First Veterans (Washington, DC: American Revolution Institute of the Society of Cincinnati, Inc., 2020), 97. Disease, not cold or starvation, was the true scourge of the camp. If he served as part of Nixon's regiment, it is much more likely that he fought in Saratoga. 50, ed. Six men are recorded as married and seven as single. Their roles in Washingtons army included pioneer duties, such as constructing fortifications and clearing roads to musicians, guides, spies, and rank-and-file infantrymen. WebA unique historical record compiled from the rolls made by the Hanoverian army of the Duke of Cumberland after the Battle of Culloden in 1746. NARA M804, page 4, via Fold3.com. WebCountless hours were spent scouring muster rolls, hospital records, and other primary source documents in an effort to identify the soldiers. McGuire, Thomas J. Although they lost two key battles, as well as Philadelphia, to the British, Washingtons soldiers emerged from these experiences with a renewed confidence in their fighting abilities. By summer, Washington could claim that the war effort was going well. By 6:00 P.M., however, the British felt they had enough. Archive.org. [28] An Account of Clothing Delivered Lt. NARA M246, page 150, via Fold3.com. I found them employed in building little huts for their winter quarters. American attack at the Battle of Monmouth on 28th June 1778 in the American Revolutionary War. If Freeman was Conant, was he promised freedom to join or was he merely hopeful that freedom could be a possibility? endstream endobj 18 0 obj <> endobj 19 0 obj (~MLj5s) endobj 25 0 obj <> endobj 27 0 obj <> endobj 39 0 obj <> endobj 38 0 obj <> endobj 20 0 obj [/ICCBased 40 0 R] endobj 40 0 obj <>stream Charles Stewart Rolls was born in 1877 as the third son of John Rolls, 1st Baron Llangattock. Within two months, however, Washington reversed this decision, and despite many attempts to block Blacks from serving their country, hundreds of Blacks enlisted nonetheless. Every Scottish regiment present at the battle has been recorded and the following are detailed: Stewarts of Appin, Atholl Brigade, Bannerman of Elsick's, Cameron of Locheil's, Chisholm of Subscribe to the American Battlefield Trust's quarterly email series of curated stories for the curious-minded sort! The final event Freeman explicitly mentioned in his pension application is the capture of Lieutenant General Charles Cornwallis and his army, after the Siege of Yorktown, which lasted three weeks. Mechanicsburg, Penn. [6] Warren Jr., America's First Veterans, 97. Was he enslaved by the family? 1st New Jersey Regiment - Wikipedia 32, Image 99, via FamilySearch.org. It was natural to expect that they wished for more comfortable accommodations, after the hardships of a most severe campaign; but I could discover nothing like a sigh of discontent at their situation On the contrary, my ears were agreeably struck every evening, in riding through the camp, with a variety of military and patriotic songs and every countenance I saw, wore the appearance of cheerfulness or satisfaction.. "F$H:R!zFQd?r9\A&GrQhE]a4zBgE#H *B=0HIpp0MxJ$D1D, VKYdE"EI2EBGt4MzNr!YK ?%_&#(0J:EAiQ(()WT6U@P+!~mDe!hh/']B/?a0nhF!X8kc&5S6lIa2cKMA!E#dV(kel }}Cq9 Furthermore, Fortune Freeman presented a discharge from the 4th Massachusetts, but Danforth's company served in what later became numbered the 6th Massachusetts. BT 0.298 scn [20] After a series of October battles, Burgoyne found himself surrounded by Gates' men and surrendered on October 17. p. 736 pgs. You can browse these by regiment. For those covering the date of the Battle of Waterloo you can also search by an individuals name. From 1816 to 1856, the musters are principally of the Royal Corps of Sappers and Miners, and list only NCOs and other ranks. The two merged in 1856, as the Royal Engineers 1783, after a brief stay in Halifax, returned home to England. Many Blacks who fought and were enslaved fought for their freedom and independence as a person of color. Index card abstracts of accounts, muster and pay rolls, descriptive lists and accounts, etc. Posted on September 17, 2014 by Sam Russell. When troubles threatened with the Colonies, the 38th was one of the first corps despatched from Ireland to America. Journals of the House of Representatives of Massachusetts 1776-1777, Vol. The Battle of Monmouth Second Continental Light Dragoons Order of Battle. Muster Rolls & other Records of Service of Maryland Troops in the American Revolution 1775-1783 ((HTML)) (Reprint ed. Washington's Officers at Valley Forge. 1851. Just four days later, on May 19, 1778, Oneida Native Americans, joined with Daniel Morgans Virginia riflemen to spearhead the first movement of Washingtons army from Valley Forge. WebThe Battle of Brandywine was the largest single day engagement of the American Revolution where nearly 30,000 soldiers (not including civilians, teamsters, servants, and Archive.org. The Continental Army was primed and ready to move on to the next level just as a charismatic former Prussian army officer, Baron Friedrich Wilhelm Augustus von Steuben, arrived in camp in February 1778. Captain Danforth and his family lived in Billerica for years, with Danforth even serving as a minute man in 1775. 27, Image 523, via FamilySearch.org. [23] Revolutionary War Rolls, 1775-1783. The Valley Forge Park Alliance maintains the Muster Roll Project and helps to inspire appreciation of and support for Valley Forge National Historical Park. Fortune Conant's name also does not appear in any land records.[11]. WebBattle of Monmouth, June 28, 1778 Wyoming Valley Massacre, July 3, 1778 Battle of Rhode Island, Aug. 29, 1778 Tryon's Attack upon New Haven, etc., July 5-10, 1779 Storming of Stony Point, July 15, 1779 Sullivan's Indian Raid, July-Aug., 1779 Battle of Springfield, N. J., June 23, 1780 Affair of Fort George, N. Y., Oct. 11, 1780 Elnathan Haskell's Company in the 4th Massachusetts Regt. [40] Fortune Freeman, Pension No. Also serving in various theaters of operations were Native American troops. Archive.org. Donations to the Trust are tax deductible to the full extent allowable under the law. In February 1781, the unit merged with the 2nd Rhode Island. After 1778, a stalemate set in around the New York area, with no major campaigns. [34] "To George Washington from Alexander Scammell, 16 November 1780," Founders Online, National Archives, https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Washington/99-01-02-03961. Rolls The 1st Continental Artillery Regiment, raised in Virginia and commanded by Col. Charles Harrison, had marched from New York in April 1780 to the support of Gen. Benjamin Lincoln, whose force was under siege at Charleston, South Carolina. In fact, there is no record of a "Fortune Freeman" in Danforth's company at all. "Politics and Public Culture: The Revolutionary War Pension Act of 1818." Recorded in the Monmouth Roll (the [10] Field and staff rolls 1775-1780, Muster/Payrolls and Various Papers (1763-1808) of the Revolutionary War, Vol. ). National Archives wG xR^[ochg`>b$*~ :Eb~,m,-,Y*6X[F=3Y~d tizf6~`{v.Ng#{}}jc1X6fm;'_9 r:8q:O:8uJqnv=MmR 4 Webbefore the battle of Sedgemoor. WebMuster Roll of Capt. WebLoyalist Muster Rolls During the American Revolution, muster rolls were prepared by the commanding officer of each company of a regiment for the express purpose of paying the officers and soldiers. By February 1822, nearly 12,000 veterans were back onabout 20,000 veterans took the pauper's oath and submitted to the means test; and all but 2,000 got the benefit." "[16] Perhaps these recruitment efforts helped Fortune Freeman remember Danforth's name so many decades later. Recruited throughout the spring of 1778, the regiment's companies comprised Black and white soldiers, along with Native Americans. The Valley Forge Muster Roll for December 1777 to June 1778 indicated that 20 to 30 members of Sheldons Regiment were still at Valley Forge at that time, Additionally, no recorded Massachusetts regiments participated at Brandywine during the battle. [36] "Alexander Scammell," The Society of the Cincinnati in the State of New Hampshire, https://www.socnh.org/alexander-scammell/. Paintings courtesy of Don Troiani,www.historicalimagebank.com. Most of these records are duplications of the War of 1812 muster rolls found in Mf. Ceys, Danforth - Dean, Samuel, Muster rolls (index file cards) of the Revolutionary War, 1767-1833 [Massachusetts], Image 1193, via FamilySearch.org. Included on those returns were the names of at least 755 Blacks serving in the ranks. NARA M804. [27] Fortune Conant, Compiled Service Records of Soldiers Who Served in the American Army During the Revolutionary War. Virginia Regiments in the Continental Army Battle The Continental Army was integrated and included many patriots of African descent. 1, Image 114, via FamilySearch.org. [19] "Massachusetts Regiments in the Continental Army," RevolutionaryWar.us, https://revolutionarywar.us/continental-army/massachusetts/. The expected arrival of the French greatly altered British war plans and triggered their evacuation of Philadelphia in June. The Majority of our funds go directly to Preservation and Education. ( )Tj The 38th served under various colonels' names until designated the 38th Regiment of Foot in 1751. [35] "From George Washington to Alexander Scammell, 17 May 1781," Founders Online, National Archives, https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Washington/99-01-02-05812. Later muster rolls state that Fortune Conant officially enlisted in the Continental Army a few weeks later on June 4, 1777. The Fortune Freeman who enlisted in the 4th Massachusetts and is discharged from the 4th Massachusetts, enlisted in March 1781 in Hingham, Massachusetts. As the sound of combat grew fainter, the battle for individual rights began. 2y.-;!KZ ^i"L0- @8(r;q7Ly&Qq4j|9 Historic Valley Forge In November of 1775, Washington barred the enlistment of free Blacks and slaves. Guide to Revolutionary War Records - State of Delaware The 1st Rhode Island, which was first created in 1775, saw action straight through the war, fighting at the Siege of Boston, the New York and New Jersey Campaign, Battle of Red Bank, the Battle of Rhode Island, and the Siege of Yorktown. As wintry weather approached, armies often withdrew to fixed camps. [5] John P. Resch. The British soon tested the Continental Armys newfound discipline at the Battle of Monmouth, which took place in central New Jersey on June 28, 1778. "It required all claimants to submit documentation of their poverty to a court of record. Organized January-February 1776 at Chester from Chester, Bucks, and Lancaster Counties. [22] Fortune Conant, Compiled Service Records of Soldiers Who Served in the American Army During the Revolutionary War. By November, Freeman transferred from his command post back to Haskell's company. [18] Fortune Freeman, Pension No. [24] Judith L. Van Buskirk, Standing In Their Own Light: African American Patriots in the American Revolution (Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press, 2017), 118. battle of monmouth muster rolls https://iccleveland.org/wp-content/themes/icc/images/empty/thumbnail.jpg 150 150 ICC ICC Under the direction of military engineers, the men built a city of 2,000-odd huts laid out in parallel lines along planned military avenues. During the larger Saratoga Campaign, when British and their Native American allies were besieging Fort Stanwixin upper New York State, a pro-patriot militia columnunder the command of Nicholas Herkimer marched to the patriot'srelief. Ten thousand more veterans applied the following year. To oppose them, General George Washington marched his 12,000-man army from New Jersey. Battle of Monmouth /CS0 cs 1 scn Web250 Capt. Landing in Boston in July 1774, the 38th found themselves involved in the first military engagement of the American war: Concord and Lexington, April 1775. Muster Rolls x- [ 0}y)7ta>jT7@t`q2&6ZL?_yxg)zLU*uSkSeO4?c. R -25 S>Vd`rn~Y&+`;A4 A9 =-tl`;~p Gp| [`L` "AYA+Cb(R, *T2B- However, recalling a wound at Brandywine, specifically, complicates understanding the story of Fortune Freeman. (2007). By mid-December he had decided to encamp at Valley Forge. 32, Image 104, via FamilySearch.org. Fought in one day, on June 28, 1778, the Battle of Monmouth resulted in no clear victory for either Washington's troops or the British. [6] Congress estimated wrong. At the Battle of Saratoga, Continental forces succeeded in forcing British Lieutenant General John Burgoyne's surrender in a dramatic victory for the cause of American independence. [2] A preliminary study of pension records from 1981 found that of 13,500 Revolutionary War veterans, more than half (54 percent) had moved from their home state after the war. His bounty payments would not have hit their full value so soon after his first discharge. WebWhile the British had escaped, the Americans claimed victory in the Battle of Monmouth and Washington was lauded for his bravery. WebOn December 9, 1775, three companies from the First joined the 2nd Virginia Regiment in defeating Dunmore's troops at the Battle of Great Bridge near Norfolk. WebMost unit muster rolls did not specify the race of soldiers. WebThe muster rolls from the War of 1812 are a miscellaneous group of nine companies (mostly from East Tennessee) that served as volunteers or militia during the war. NARA M804, pages 4 and 9, via Fold3.com. [Names in bold are believed . While his wartime declarations remained the same, he provided additional personal information in his restatement per the requirements and described his dire circumstances. [22] If Freeman settled at camp with men who fought at Monmouth, he would have heard conversations about the battle. The 38th was stationed at Fort Washington and Long Island during the war and was involved in the following conflicts: Muster Books and Pay Lists 12-5171-5172 Shelf List.pdf. It is also entirely possible that Freeman felt that mentioning an injury would help his case for a pension, or someone encouraged him to embellish his story. Leavened by Records only give us a part of someones life, and sometimes they are misremembered, forgotten, or incomplete. While the soldiers who entered camp on December 19, 1777, were not well-supplied, they were not downtrodden. Furthermore, Danforth served on a committee chosen by the town of Billerica to call on "persons to inlist [sic] into the Continental service. Dedicated surgeons, capable nurses, a smallpox inoculation program, and camp sanitation regulations limited the death tolls. uuid:97fc00cf-7f9f-47ec-8fe1-3e396fafbf5d Though monetary value depreciated as the war progressed, were bounty payments used to purchase his freedom? /Artifact <>BDC Muster rolls of the participating companies of American militia and minute-men in the battle of April 19, 1775, mostly from the archives of the commonwealth of Massachusetts, but a few from other sources " 78 p Photocopy Addeddate 2008-01-24 16:23:44 Call number 2735985 In his pension, Freeman stated his discharge in 1780, which lines up with Conant's discharge. Throughout the Revolution,the fightfor independencepermeated intoNative American tribes and alliances. (*(%8H8c- fd9@6_IjH9(3=DR1%? In the Continental Army, bound individuals yearning for liberty and wages served alongside freemen in search of a better life. However, when looking through muster rolls, there is no record of a "Fortune Freeman" enlisting in 1776 in Danforths company. Only one of these precious few records remained in his possession when he approached the court: a discharge paper from the 4th Massachusetts, issued to him at the close of the Revolutionary War in 1783. ( )Tj The 3rd then wintered near Danbury, Connecticut. A unique historical record compiled from the rolls made by the Hanoverian army of the Duke of Cumberland after the Battle of Culloden in 1746. The 15th Virginia Regiment was raised on December 28, 1775 in eastern, Virginia for service with the Continental Army. There is, however, a "Fortune Conant" who enlisted in Elijah Danforth's company in 1777. Entered Valley Forge with 325 men assigned and 194 fit for duty. U.S. National Archives and Records Administration. [38] Fortune Freeman, Pension No. Bounty receipts: Suffolk, Essex, and Middlesex counties 1781-1782, Muster/Payrolls and Various Papers (1763-1808) of the Revolutionary War, Vol. See the Charles Rolls statue Founder of Rolls-Royce . There were 35 warriors as part of the force, led by Generals New River, a Catwaba leader, and Billy Ayers along withMajor Jacob Ayers. His paper trail then goes blank until 1783. The successful conclusion of the Revolution marked only the beginning of the struggle for some individuals for personal liberty. Perhaps he was, and he simply misremembered the battle. The law promised pensions to veterans "in reduced circumstances"[4] who had served at least nine months in the Continental Army. [43] "New York (State). While Wayne wanted to press the attack, Washington demurred, believing that his men were beat out and with heat and fatigue..
battle of monmouth muster rolls
